Introduction The concept of sustainable development, a delicate balance between meeting present needs and safeguarding the future, has become a cornerstone of global progress. In this intricate web, multinational corporations (MNCs) occupy a powerful and paradoxical position. Their vast resources, technological prowess, and global reach hold immense potential to drive sustainable practices. They can be instrumental in pioneering clean energy solutions, developing resource-efficient production methods, and spearheading innovative approaches to environmental challenges. Moreover, their extensive supply chains offer a unique platform for promoting responsible production practices across the globe. By integrating sustainability standards throughout their operations, MNCs can act as catalysts, influencing entire industries to adopt greener practices and contributing significantly to a more sustainable future. However, the inherent profit-driven nature of MNCs introduces a layer of complexity. Their relentless pursuit of short-term gains can often come at the expense of long-term sustainability goals. This relentless focus on profitability can lead to environmental degradation, particularly in developing countries with weaker environmental regulations. Unscrupulous practices like unsustainable resource extraction, deforestation, and pollution can become commonplace, jeopardizing ecosystems and livelihoods for future generations. Additionally, accusations of labor exploitation and disregard for human rights tarnish the image of some MNCs who prioritize cheap labor over ethical sourcing practices. These exploitative practices not only violate human rights but also create a system inherently unsustainable as it disregards the well-being of the workforce.